Control file: A control file records the physical structure of the database. It records database name, names and locations of a databases datafiles and redo log files, time stamps of database creation.
Every time an instance of an Oracle database is started, its control file identifies the database and redo log files that must be opened for database operation to proceed. If the physical makeup of the database is altered (for example, if a new datafile or redo log file is created), then the control file is automatically modified by Oracle to reflect the change. A control file is also used in database recovery.
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